There are different types of saturation indices used in chemistry

There are different types of saturation indices used in chemistry. The measures are used to determine the levels or ‘saturation’ of calcium carbonate compounds in water. They include, among others, Langelier saturation index (LSI), Ryznar stability index (RSI), and Puckorius scaling index (PSI). In this paper, the author analyzed the major differences between the various indices. Finally, the measures that are commonly used were identified. The reasons for their popularity were reviewed. Langelier, Ryznar, and Puckorius were found to be some of the commonly used indices. Their applications in different settings, including in industrial water companies, were reviewed. In addition, the link between these measures and scaling in water was analyzed.