Independent, dependent, and outcome variables of the survey

The two major variables that we will be trying to assess the relationship are the student’s attitude toward learning and 21^st-century classroom teaching. The first would be the dependent variable and the second one the independent variable. The major outcome of this research would be to demonstrate a causal relationship between the two variables; namely, that change in 21^st-century classroom teaching methodology has brought about changes in the attitude of students toward learning. Speaking in general terms, this would be predictive research as the main aim is “to generalize from an analysis by predicting certain phenomena based on hypothesized general relationships” (Hayashi, 2007). To be more specific, the two major variables can be divided into numerous minor variables, socio–economic indicators. These will be used to assess the relationship between the two major variables.