The genome of the organisms called the Arabidopsis thaliana was sequences for understanding the functions taking place in the organism for favoring the growth at the genetical level, where the sequencing also revealed the mode of responses stimulated at the plants against the environmental variations. The sequence had the capacity for aiding in understanding the dynamics and the structure of the plant genomes. The genome sequence was gone through numerous rounds of extension, hole patching, and reassembly during the sequencing process. The total amount of the sequenced region is found to range around 119 million base pairs. the pericentromeric regions identified in the genome were integrated with the YAC and BAC and this step is considered as one of th e important goals in the genome sequencing of Arabidopsis.
The genome sequencing proceeded through various levels of annotation, reassembly, and sequencing for enumerating the correct set of base pairs. Certain regions of the genome were filled suing the artificial chromosomes isolated from the microbes and some of the regions observed as the gaps were identified using the gel electrophoresis. The size of these regions was found to be varied between 4 mb to 9 mb. The complete size of the genome was identified to be 146 mb. Various new genes were isolated from the pericentromeric region of the heterochromatin. These regions revealed the actual function of the centromere. The primary gene model sets were developed from the association of the data collected from the cDNA and EST sequence as long as the ab initio gene-identifying algorithms. This process was taken place in numerous regions resulted in the formation of carries discrepancies. The genomes of the species such as the Brassica oleracea and the Arabidopsis thaliana were compared and resulted in the identification of various similar genes concerned with the same function in the plant body. 30 % of the newly identified genes had the capacity for the formation of the RNA transcript.
Genome
The genome sequence was found to be the extension of the gene duplication taking place in the Arabidopsis. About 60% of the genome was found to be developed from an individual gene duplication process. The genomic studies revealed that the Arabidopsis had undergone two duplication events in response to the revolutionary forces. The evolutionary process resulted in gene duplication, gene divergence, and gene loss in the organism. The genes that continued to be duplication was retained in the organism and had undergone various specialization for performing different functions in the organisms. The sequencing studies also revealed the importance of gene duplication in the development of vertebrates in the environment. The organisms were found to be a wild variety and it consisted of various genes coding for the diversity of the organisms. The loci concerned with the development of this variation in the organism were cloned during the process. The rich diversity observed in the organisms as resulted from the environmental stimuli inflicted on the organisms.
Advantages of Arabidopsis genome:
The Arabidopsis genome doesn’t have the repeat sequences observed in various other plants n this is one of the important reasons for selecting the Arabidopsis genome. The cytogenetic analysis demonstrated the evidence of the pericentromeric heterochromatin along with two ribosomal DNA loci. These loci were detected in the northern terminal regions of chromosomes four and two. Various retroelements were detected in the pericentromeric regions of the sequence. The chromosomal sequence also possesses various other factors including the middle-repetitive sequence, microsatellites, and transposons. The tiling array was employed for the profiling p the histones high revealed the DNA modification identified in the repeats found in the chromosome. The DNA methylation was found to be absent in these repeats as a result of the mutation taken pale om the chromatin-modifying gene. Te chromosome walks were performed for the detection of the mutation and the process was performed by employing the cosmid clone and the mutant loci.
